Although Maloney was acquitted of the tax evasion charges, all government witnesses who testified passed polygraph tests relative to the payment of bribes to Maloney. Soon afterward, Daledia's son was shot and scriously injured by an unknown assailant. A number of Cosa Nostra traditions concerning authority and discipline effect. 49 U.S. vs. DiRugeris, et al. Fourteen of the principal defendants were convicted, including Philadelphia racketeers Augustine and Joseph Mazzio, Benito Tedesco, and Anthony Conoscenti. Generally criminal syndicates are organized along lines more of influence than authority. The companies and their officers donate freely to local civic and religious organizations and sponsor many activities that citizens feel enrich the life of their community. Anthony Ippolito and two Cosa Nostra associates were convicted in 1954 of operating an illegal still in Chester County. There are probably a dozen major numbers banks there. 172 U.S. Senate Select. The most instructive example of the syndicate organization of a professional crap game is offered by the Reading game, raided by FBI agents on January 20, 1962, and termed "the largest crap game in the East. It can help to plan strategies and to coordinate law enforcement activity. District Court, Eastern District of Pennsylvania), Criminal No. 147-148. Similar examples have surfaced in loan sharking cases. 115 See Philadelphia Evening Bulletin, November 15, 1966, and April 20 and 21, 1967; also, The 1968 Report to the People of Philadelphia from the Office of the District Attorney, Office of the District Attorney of Philadelphia County (Philadelphia: 1969), pp. As a type of economic activity, forms of crime changed . For substantial progress to come to the impoverished cores of our cities, the presence and influence of organized crime will first have to be eradicated. In 1995 the Attorney Generals Child Sexual Exploitation Task Force was created to arrest child pornographers as well as investigate and capture child predators before they strike by using proactive, undercover operations. One of the largest independent syndicate leaders in Pennsylvania, Abe Minker, ran a conglomerate of illegal activities in Reading. Records showed that bribery of law enforcement authorities was involved in four of the major numbers banks, operated by Francis and Edward Fina, George Illgas, Pasquale Monzelli, and Romualdo Ucciferri and Michael Keilyk. Gerald Shur, Chief, Intelligence and Special Services Unit, Organized Crime and Racketeering Section, U.S. Department of Justice, Washington, D.C. 23 Ibid., refencences are made to the following cities: Bristol (vol. District Court, Eastern District of Pennsylvania), Criminal Nos. Russell Bufalino (Northeastern Pennsylvania). Most criminal prosecutions are initiated pursuant to the Solid Waste Management Act, Clean Streams Law, Air Pollution Control Act, Radiation Protection Act or Oil & Gas Act. He's got $90,000 insurance on it. Organized crime expert Ralph Salerno has termed the kinds of crimes that contribute toward planning and insulation of the syndicate "strategic" crimes. 109 John M. Seidl, "Upon the Hip - -A Study of the Criminal Loan Shark Industry" (Washington, D.C.: Law Enforcement Assistance Administration, U.S. Department of Justice, 1969). In turn these middle-level subordinates communicate these unofficial policies to their street-level assistants and enforcement agents. On February 11, 1962, DeCavalcante visited Angelo Bruno in Bruno's offices at the former Penn-Jersey Vending Company in Philadelphia. . 22814. Originally three years, Barrow's sentence was soon (on October 5, 1964) reduced to two years. (In 1959 Blakely had testified before a California State Athletic Commission hearing looking into the hoxing racket, and shortly thereafter he was beaten unconscious and found with severe head wounds.) employers (for purposes of collusion and extortion). At the library Law Library (Crown) Today's hours: 8:30a - 7p Find it Basement Request More options Find it at other libraries via WorldCat Description In addition, potential conflicts of interest arise because of the district attorneys association with lawyers in private practice or a defendants relationship to staff members. 141 DeCavalcante transcripts, vol. For example, a loan shark debtor who has continually defaulted in payments may be beaten up. Like other businessmen, the criminal entrepreneur worries about the "image" of his enterprise and the credibility of its claims. The method of repayment of the loan was an agreement by the borrower to pay a 5% kickback on the amount of the lender's product sold through the borrower's food retailing enterprise.[113]. 13: 8 ff); Easton (vols. Harrisburg, PA 17120 4, p. 1057. 215 Final Report, US. "[13] A. regime is in turn composed of a number (usually ten) of "soldati," or street soldiers. When the casino was raided by IRS Intelligence agents, four New Kensington police officers were located inside[106] The case was a product of vigorous undercover work conducted by the Alcohol and Tobacco Tax Unit of the Internal Revenue Service and the Intelligence Division of IRS. 17496 and 18023. Secure .gov websites use HTTPS seq.) 4, p. 927. 131 Traffic in Opium and Other Dangerous Drugs for the Year Ended December 81, 1958, pp. As organized crime has grown more entrenched and sophisticated, applications of force other than murder have become popular, Since gang killings attract unwanted public attention and law enforcement scrutiny, murder is now avoided, if possible. In May a second raid was conducted at twenty-two locations in seven cities affiliated with the New Kensington operation. Through many devious and intricate means, organized criminals have been able to secure virtual monopolies over entire areas of the state for their legitimate businesses. Monastero. Pennsylvania bookmakers have subsequently continued and expanded their ties with nationwide gambling syndicatcs. When DeRamo's headquarters was raided, it yielded over 500 pounds of films. (Pardon file #9170), 5. Pennsylvania organized crime, 1970 | American Mafia History Pennsylvania Crime Commission's 1970 report discusses the Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Pittston/Scranton and other Mafia families engaged in rackets in the state. [59] Attorney General Nicholas Katzenbach reported that from 1961-1965, 158 racketeering cases were developed in Pittsburgh by the U.S. Department of Justice Organized Crime and Racketeering Section and the Internal Revenue Service. Usually. Monte was later convicted of operating a numbers lottery, and Potnick was arrested in 1970 for helping plot a multi-million dollar series of burglaries in Delaware County.[151]. [204] In 1967, U.S. Customs agents traced a carpet illegally imported from a Communist nation to the home of former bootlegger and Delaware County official Edward Heller. Barrow had held no legitimate occupation since 1926. 1. Honorable Charles Wright, Juvenile Court Judge, Philadelphia County 5. Peter Maggio. He was subsequently convicted of this crime on June 5, 1970 by a federal jury in Erie. 5. Bethlehem. 1. a similar near-monopoly through his ownership of Keystone Amusement Company. Two of the main Cosa Nostra families in Pennsylvania were consolidated in this manner. Nullification of state and local government has followed the increasing scope of activities handled at these levels. They must surmount many problems before organized crime can be effectively attacked. The first involves George Barrow, alias "Skinney Barret," supervisor of the Reading crap game. 227 An account of former Councilman Alexander's testimony may be found in the Philadelphia Evening Bulletin, September 27, 1956, p. 1. (Newark: U.S. District Court, District of New Jersey), Criminal No. Another form of insurance fraud concerns the illegal diversion of assets of insurance companies. 198 Annual Report of the Attorney General of the United States for Fiscal Year 1960, pp. They subsequently vanished, and authorities believe the purpose of their disappearance and possible murder was to protect the leader who hired them. The second area was the western portion of the state, with tickets flowing into Pennsylvania from Jamestown, New York and Youngstown, Ohio. It was believed that he was prepared to cooperate with law enforcement authorities. Also in that year, John Sweeney, a member of Teamsters Local 249 in Pittsburgh, was convicted of making threats of violence against Hirt Trucking Company of Ohio and Johns Trucking Company of Lancaster, Pennsylvania.[176]. He was invited to visit the usurer, and he accepted the invitation. The topic of the meeting was the Victoria Sporting Club, a lavish London gambling casino, and the junket service run by the Bruno and Patriarca Cosa Nostra families, In attendance was Robert Dick, a courier for the club, who was seeking the assistance of Bruno in collecting gambling debts by patrons of the casino in the Philadelphia area. Visitors to this web version are encouraged to use their web browser's "Find" feature (often accessed by pressing Ctrl + F) to locate subjects of interest within the text. 205 U.S. vs. Heller (Philadelphia: U.S. District Court, Eastern District of Pennsylvania), Criminal No. Planning of Cosa Nostra domination of the illicit traffic in narcotics, and dealing with the problems posed by vigorous federal enforcement activity. Staggering profits await these exploiters of human misery. In 1969, FBI and Pennsylvania State Police officers raided the bookmaking operation of Robert Ianelli, termed the largest bookmaker in the Western portion of Pennsylvania. Anthony Scotchel, 1968: Scotchel operated a gambling house in Morgantown, West Virginia, which was a territory controlled by the Southwestern Pennsylvania criminal syndicate. The Asset Forfeiture & Money Laundering Section is responsible for the litigation of all asset forfeiture cases from law enforcement agencies with statewide jurisdiction, and the supervision of financial investigations leading to money laundering arrests and large property seizures. D'Elia advanced through the ranks of the organization rather quickly, due to the natural attrition of members and indictments in the 1980s and 1990s. 237 Information supplied by the Chief Inspector's Special Squad, Philadelphia Police Department. When the Office of Attorney General litigates the case, this Section sends the equitable share to the District Attorneys Office after liquidation of the asset. 7: 168-81 (Hercafter referred to as the DeCavalcante transcripts). 3 Presentation of Professor Donald Cressey, University of California-Santa Barbara, at the Third Organized Crime Law Enforcement Training Conference, sponsored by the Law Enforcement Assistance Administration, U.S. Department of Justice, at the University of Oklahoma, Norman, March 4, 1970. In 1959 US. 80 Final Report of the Investigating Grand Jury, Court of Quarter Sessions of Northampton County, February, 1967. The Pennsylvania Crime Commission, which is headed by the Attorney General and is within the Pennsylvania Department of Justice, is the third source of state leadership. [145] In 1965, five of the defendants, including Rubino and Munjone, were convicted in U.S. District Court in Philadelphia and given merely token fines and probationary sentences. 111-68; also, New York Times, March 22, 1968, p. 39. The jeweler even cashed bad checks to pay his friends' loans, but he couldn't make it. 7 and 89. Usually labor leaders are paid sums of money in return for the assurance of labor peace. Available manpower from vice or racketeering units should be directed toward implementing these strategies, rather than just compiling numerous vice arrests. Many independent racketeers - usually in the largest cities - acquire wealth and power to rival the prestige of La Cosa Nostra bosses. Within this section is the Capital Litigation Unit. The organization of which Willis was a part also operated in Washington, D.C., New York, and Massachusetts. Because competitors are either eliminated or absorbed into merged enterprises, few businessmen are left to protest monopolistic tactics. Plumeri arranged for the $200,000 loan to be made through the Central States Teamsters Pension Fund, but a kickback would need to be paid to the auditor of the fund. In 1926, two Philadelphia Cosa Nostra members, John Focoso and Peter Gallo, were arrested by Philadelphia Police for the murder of a rival member. See 71 Pa.C.S.A. 2686, April, 1964; also, "Notice of Suit," addressed to the Sheriff of Allegheny County by the Prothonotary, Daniel B. Roberts, filed on March 3, 1964. During the 1930's he was elevated to the position of a member of the State Coal Commission, which controlled the tonnage that each company was permitted to mine. 90-351 (June 19, 1968). The publicity attendant to the Apalachin meeting deterred Cosa Nostra leaders from scheduling similar conferences in the immediate future. (Pittsburgh: U.S. District Court, Western District of Pennsylvania), Criminal No. Its history reflects the region's status as a port and point of entry for goods, immigrants, and migrants, where concentrations of both wealth and poverty developed in a center of American commerce and industry. Many hierarchies of authority and responsibility are involved, from the street-level numbers runner and bookmaker, to the top-level or "edge off" man who gives these operators insurance against heavy losses. 11: 43. [168] In 1963 the owners of Karasow Jewelers declared bankruptcy, and 138 creditors were defrauded of a total of over $700,000. The remarkable extent of illegal off-track betting in Pennsylvania has been slow to come to the surface. 48 Commonwealth vs. Robinson (Philadelphia: Court of Quarter Sessions of Philadelphia County), Bill Nos. Five of the principals and eight employees in the game were convicted in federal court. 6-7, 388-389; see also, Report on the Activities and Associations of Persons Identified as Present at the Residence of Joseph Barbara, Sr., at Apalachin, New York, on November 14, 1967, and the Reasons for their Presence, State of New York Executive Department, Office of the Commissioner of Investigation (Albany: April, 1958), pp. In order for law enforcement to stay one step ahead of the Internet and sexual predators the Office widened the scope of the Attorney Generals task force into a larger, broader statewide Child Predator Unit. 3. In addition to the Teamsters 107 murders already discussed in connection with labor-management racketeering, the most recent killings include: 1. The jurisdiction of the Attorney General to investigate and prosecute criminal cases is found in Sections 205 and 206 (respectively) of the Commonwealth Attorneys Act, 71 P.S. William DiRugeris sssaulted an agent during the raid and was convicted of the charge in 1968. Requests for more manpower and resources to fight organized crime are difficult to justify in the usual budgetary process. In the city of Pittsburgh there are many independent numbers banks, each completely controlled by a neighborhood banker who pays some form of tribute to La Cosa Nostra. Cosa Nostra Boss Russell Bufalino was among them; he was sentenced to a term of five years. Immunity. 53, p. 18736. 192 U.S. vs. Pecora, et al. The fourth partner, Abe Minker, was the leader of organized crime in Reading.[75]. Most underworld crap games and gambling casinos maintain a resident loan shark to assist patrons who fall too far in debt while the evening is young. 232 Pardon of Felix Bocchicchio, issued in May 1949; (Pennsylvania Board of Pardons, Harrisburg, Pa.), File No. Other Families. . The impact of organized crime falls most directly on the residents of our urban ghettoes, It is their money that is drained away by numbers runners, loan sharks, and narcotic peddlers and addicts. 5. Joseph M. Barbara, Boss (Apalachin, New York) 15 Task Force Report: Organized Crime, p. 34. Abstract "They're locking up my toothpaste!" Al Sharpton recently complained on MSNBC. The DeCavalcante transcripts offer a great deal of information concerning organized crime involvement in legitimate businesses. A major boxing racket extortion case involved two prominent Cosa Nostra leaders in the Philadelphia-Camden area. [202], In 1958 Cosa Nostra member Antonio Caponigro was called before a federal grand jury then probing the huge illicit liquor still uncovered in Reading. The final point on the continuum is filled by organizations which seek to monopolize all forms of highly organized and many forms of less organized crime. Major Lehigh Valley racketeer John C. Parenti was convicted of income tax evasion in federal court in 1969. They will go to any lengths to protect their criminal enterprises and will take extreme measures against anyone Who causes them trouble. First-degree distribution of methamphetamine carries an enhanced fine of up to $500,000. On September 24, 1968, a meeting was held in the Philadelphia flower shop of Frank D'Alfonso, This affair (which has already been discussed) was raided by Philadelphia Police officers. In order to assure a profitable and stable income from the enterprise, the environment of law enforcement and illegal competition must be. 135 Traffic in Opium and Other Dangerous Drugs for the Year Ended December 31, 1956, Bureau of Narcotics, U.S. Treasury Department (Washington, DC. center in Monroeville, It was believed that he was murdered to prevent his implicating the other parties to the arson. One of the greatest tests of the new federal anti-gambling law took place in Philadelphia. In 1959 Alaimo was convicted on all thirty-four counts and was sentenced to a term of two years probation, Fabrizio was tried and convicted in a separate trial[190]. Testimony confirmed beforehand by lie detector tests and given at the trial of the late Assistant Commissioner of Police, Lawrence Maloney, provided the following data:[212]. 52: 1585 ff. When an employee is found to have acted improperly and illegally, there should be a prosecution, not merely disciplinary action. The U.S. Department of Justice charged that the Reading game was run nine times a week, with each game involving a pot of between $50,000 and $100,000. The daily cost of maintaining heroin addiction has been estimated at roughly $15, giving an average yearly cost of $87 million for all addicts in Pennsylvania. Substantive legislation on the following subjects is recommended: Reforms are also needed in the procedures of our criminal law. ")[21] Fifth, the tie of mutual obligation binds all members together in a tight relationship. The illegal traffic in punchboards and betting pools continued. The original document index can be viewed by clicking here. After Barbara's death the control of the Northeastern family was passed to the younger Bufalino, whose reign has attracted nationwide publicity, beginning with the 1957 Apalachin meeting, which federal authorities credit him with "arranging and attending." Later Abe Minker, John Wittig, and Alex and Louis Fudeman were indicted and eharged with blackmail. Crusading officials are slow to be promoted and are accused of giving the department a "bad name" by uncovering so much vice. Printing Office, 1967. Vincent Turco, an associate of the Angelo Bruno Cosa Nostra family, was convicted in 1950 in federal court of operating an illegal still in Chester County, along with five other Cosa Nostra associates. Angelo Bruno (Philadelphia and Southeastern Pennsylvania). And, at a time when citizens demand and need more positive leadership, lesser and unresponsive governments erode the confidence of Pennsylvanians in the concept and practice of representative democracy. It affords the racketeer the opportunity to participate in various federal income-tax benefits. Bribery as a form of nullification still exists, but it has been supplemented by an intricate web of political favors and hidden payoffs with a semi-legitimate cover. Illegal gambling is by far the largest and most lucrative activity in which organized crime is engaged. that Cosa Nostra leaders were interested in moving into MeKeesport but that Plopi refused to relinquish his territory. 38 These projections were made from only those records seized in selected raids on a limited number of banks; the total volume of all banks should greatly exceed $240 million. 62292. Among the largest in terms of revenue generated for syndicate operations are treasury balance, betting pools, and punchboards. 92 Commonwealth vs. Piperata (Easton; Court of Quarter Sessions of Northampton County), Bill No. n a cool November day in 1957 New York State troopers sent several well-dressed men scurrying into the countryside surrounding the Apalachin home of alleged mob boss Joseph "the Barber" Barbara. In 1961 a U.S. Senate Subcommittee, studying organized gambling in depth, concluded that "organized crime in the United States is primarily dependent upon illicit gambling, a multi-billion dollar racket, for the necessary funds required to operate other criminal and illegal activities or enterprises." Douglas Little, Special Agent, COUNSEL: 520, August, 1959 Term of Grand Jury. Comprehensive legislation is needed to cover the granting of immunity in judicial, administrative, or legislative proceedings but limiting the scope to the use of the compelled testimony or anything derived from it. 150 U.S. vs. Ippolito, et al. Have up to 300 customers in Philadelphia and 350 in cach city where it operated. The "edge off," or "lay off" business requires large amounts of money, and only the wealthiest syndicate leaders can provide this service. At the same meeting Bruno admitted handling the layoffs for independent and Cosa Nostra bankers "The only thing is the layoff. Introduced during proceedings of U.S. v. DeCavalcante, et al. A recent special grand jury investigating gambling and corruption in Northampton County addressed the problem in its final report, issued in 1967: gambling on horses, numbers, and sporting events is widespread throughout the country We find as a further fact that the paramount reason for this condition is the apathy of the public - general acceptance of the belief that it works no harm - a feeling that if people wish to gamble they should be permitted to do so.[80]. [84], In 1963, FBI agents raided the innocent looking Terry's Cigar Store in Pottsville, the seat of Matthew Whitaker's multi-million dollar bookmaking enterprise. 20-21; U.S. vs. Casella, et al. "[211], An almost identical pattern appears in Pittsburgh, where major racketeers have testified that they paid bribes to high officials in order to protect their numbers banks. The organizations investigated and prosecuted by the OCS are involved in the commission of various predicate criminal offenses which have included drug trafficking, gambling, loansharking, extortion, identity theft, insurance fraud, auto theft, money laundering, intimidation of witnesses and murder. Many are operated by independents and have a high degree of organization. The transcripts detail the elaborate national structure of the Cosa Nostra, as well as operations in the Philadelphia and Bucks County areas. In the estimation of the Crime Commission, the most harmful effect of the crime syndicates is what they do to government. During Minker's earlier wagering tax-evasion trial, the government introduced an exhibit that consisted of Minker's hand-written notes, detailing payments of "ice" (bribes) to public officeholders. 22154; Commonwealth v. Monzelli (Philadelphia: Court of Quarter Sessions of Philadelphia County), Bill Nos. (Philadelphia: U.S. District Court, Eastern District of Pennsylvania), Criminal No. Rispo took a gold watch from Singer's wrist, a diamond ring from his finger, and $250 in cash which Singer was planning to deposit in the bank. He was sentenced to a term of 7 1/2 to 15 years. Despite some sporadic thrusts at the problem and the earnest work of some professional law enforcers, there never has been in Pennsylvania the sustained drive needed to eradicate the crime syndicates. In the vonZamft case, reckless diversion of assets of a legitimate business led to purchase of stolen stocks. Chris Woodward writes about industry and technology for . Philadelphia. (Philadelphia: U.S. District Court, Eastern District of Pennsylvania), Criminal No. 202 U.S. vs. Perrone, et al. Often the investigators have sought to expose the most notorious racketeers in their communities, who have usually insulated the top-level syndicate leaders. Visitor Information. 87 Annual Report of the Attorney General of the United States for Fiscal Year 1963, U.S. Department of Justice (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1964), p. 206. 398 (P.N. He had been shot four times in the head and was found stuffed in the trunk of his Cadillac on January 25, 1968, The individual tried for the murder, John Galayda, was believed to be trying to monopolize organized crime in the Pennsylvania-West Virginia border area. 4. The wide-open era of murder and bombing has gradually given way to somewhat different methods. This section focuses on long-term investigations and often utilizes the Statewide Investigating Grand Jury. 22813 and 70-13; also, "Revenue Men Raid South Philadelphia Racket Center," Philadelphia Evening Bulletin, February 27, 1967, p. 3. In 1954, a gambling-corruption scandel rocked the city of Eric. Two of Joseph's close associates in gambling, Ameen Fedool and Joseph Sophy, were convicted in federal court in 1959 for failure to purchase a wagering tax stamp. Home / Statutes of Pennsylvania / Consolidated Statutes / Title 18. He owns the Bonnie Stewart Dress Company and Claudia Frocks in New York along with racketeers James Plumeri and Angelo Sciandra. Justification for the October, 1957, murder of Boss (and former executioner for Murder, Incorporated) Albert Anastasia. Detroit. Riccobene was sentenced to a term of 2 1/2 years. In 1950 and 1951 it heard lengthy testimony concerning the operation of the Philadelphia and Scranton numbers rackets. Lengthy and complex planning must be conducted for the acquisition of the safe and proper site, the hiring of competent personnel (those with long criminal records), and the avoidance of detection and arrest. Montevecchio and Calabrese were later convicted of bank robbery in Flint and were indicted in 1969 for bank robbery in Boston. 732-205, 206. The officers seized bets totaling $27,000 from the Necho Allen Hotel, but a Schuylkill County grand jury refused to indict Whitaker on this charge also. 2. Occhipinti: He's gonna pay $5,000. Typical of still other loan sharking cases are those which do not attract public attention because the borrowers make regular payments and do not fall in arrears. The kinds of criminal operations carried on in this way escape the comprehension of most citizens. Attorney General of the largest cities - acquire wealth and power to rival the prestige of La Cosa leaders... Activities in Reading. [ 75 ] go to any lengths to protect the leader who hired them to lengths. Fifth, the Criminal entrepreneur worries about the `` image '' of his and. Were consolidated in this way escape the comprehension of most citizens ) reduced two. 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[ 75 ] in punchboards and betting,., John Wittig, and Anthony Conoscenti by the Chief Inspector 's Special Squad, County! Leaders in the vonZamft case, reckless diversion of assets of a legitimate business to..., forms of crime changed this section focuses on long-term investigations and often utilizes the Statewide Investigating Grand Jury Court! Occhipinti: he 's gon na pay $ 5,000 1958, pp more of influence than authority first-degree distribution methamphetamine.
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